Honduras is a Central American country with Caribbean Sea coastlines to the north and the Pacific Ocean to the south. After two and one-half decades of mostly military rule, a freely elected civilian government came to power in 1982. Honduras is a Central American nation that shares borders with Guatemala, Nicaragua, and El Salvador. The numerous flat-floored valleys lie between 2,000 and 4,000 feet (600 to 1,200 metres) in elevation. Honduras Information The Republic of Honduras is an independent country (although they refer to themselves as a âStateâ) in western Central America, bordered to the north by the Gulf of Honduras and the Caribbean Sea, to the south by the Pacific Ocean, the ⦠The Caribbean Sea washes its northern coast, the Pacific Ocean its narrow coast to the south. Honduras: Background and U.S. Relations Honduras, a Central American nation of 9.3 million people, has had close ties with the United States for many years. There is a narrow plain of alluvium bordering the Gulf of Fonseca in the south. Each country is mountainous a⦠Education got another boost at the beginning of the twentieth century when several normal schools (teacher training schools) were established. In 1997, its population was over 6 million. Background: Part of Spain's vast empire in the New World, Honduras became an independent nation in 1821. The main surface features have a general east-west orientation. See the top search trends of 2020 El Salvador, Guatemala, and Honduras are three of the northernmost countries of Central America, making up the Northern Triangle, situated just south of Mexico on the isthmus linking North and South America1. Honduras, officially Republic of Honduras, Spanish República de Honduras, country of Central America situated between Guatemala and El Salvador to the west and Nicaragua to the south and east. By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. History & Background. Honduras, officially the Republic of Honduras, is a country in Central America.The republic of Honduras is bordered to the west by Guatemala, to the southwest by El Salvador, to the southeast by Nicaragua, to the south by the Pacific Ocean at the Gulf of Fonseca, and to the north by the Gulf of Honduras, a large inlet of the Caribbean Sea. Of these many are Black Caribs (guarifunas), who are of both Indian and black stock. Honduras, officially Republic of Honduras, Spanish República de Honduras, country of Central America situated between Guatemala and El Salvador to the west and Nicaragua to the south and east. Around 7,000 feet (2,100 metres) mean annual temperatures are about 58 °F (14 °C). The north coast is occasionally affected from October to April by cool northern winds of continental origin. The interior takes the form of a dissected upland with numerous small peaks. Hot and humid, this area is densely forested in the interior highlands, and lumbering is an important economic activity. (Click on the image below to view the full-size map in a separate window or browser tab. This is part of the legacy of the Spanish Empire. Honduras was once referred to as Spanish Honduras in order to distinguish it from British Honduras, which is now Belize. He wrote nearly 600 stories about life in America. Background Honduras is Central Americaâs second-poorest country and has one of the worldâs highest homicide rates. Honduras became quite wealthy in comparison to the rest of Central America, and the city of Tegucigalpa was founded in 1578, in the mining area. All Rights Reserved This is an economically important region, the clayey and sandy loam soils producing rich crops of bananas, rice, The central highlands take up two-thirds of the national territory and contain the vast majority of the population. Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. HISTORICAL BACKGROUND One of the most important aspects of the Armed Forces of Honduras (Fuerzas Armadas de Honduras--FAH) is its political and economic influence. The official name of the country is the Republic of Honduras. Honduras is bordered to the west by Guatemala, to the southwest by El Salvador, to the southeast by Nicaragua to the south by the Pacific Ocean, and to the north by the Caribbean Sea. There are 18 provinces (departamentos) in the country, each with its own governor. https://www.britannica.com/place/Honduras, Honduras - Children's Encyclopedia (Ages 8-11), Honduras - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up). and its Licensors Honduras has shifted from democratic to dictatorial governments, but in 1981 civilian rule returned. O. Henry was an American writer whose short stories are known for wit, wordplay and clever twist endings. The budget for Honduran security and justice institutions has increased by over 50 percent in the last five years. The Mayan Empire is known for its presence in Mexican history, but stretched as far south as Honduras, where archaeological artifacts remain. The West African transplants were either ship-wrecked or escaped from the Caribbean islands of Barbados, St. Lucia and Grenada, depending on the source. Recently, at the end of the twentieth century, the government of Ramón Villeda Morales established a more credible educational system and began to construct new schools. Honduras is a Central American nation that shares borders with Guatemala, Nicaragua, and El Salvador. Volcano rising above Amapala, El Tigre Island, Honduras. Honduras was invaded by the Spanish in the sixteenth century, introducing a long period of colonial rule that ended in 1821. )For a time, the Afro-Caribb⦠Subsistence agriculture and fishing are the main support of the scattered population. Normally, the richest families had access to the best education in or outside the country. The island of Roatán off the coast of Honduras is surrounded by a healthy coral reef abundant with sea creatures, such as sharks. Updates? At the end of the nineteenth century, Honduras had already established the nondenominational character of public education, although it did provide some financial support for private (Roman Catholic) schools. Omissions? The generally fertile soils, derived from lava and volcanic ash, produce, The Pacific lowlands, centred on the Gulf of Fonseca, and the. Background Information. Honduras - Honduras - History: The following history of Honduras focuses on events since European settlement. When the Spanish arrived to colonize Honduras, the land was occupied by a variety of indigenous peoples, the most advanced of whom were the Maya. The northern mountains in other regions are more ancient, with granite and crystalline rocks predominating. At Tegucigalpa, located on hilly terrain at an elevation of 3,200 feet (975 metres), the rainy season starts in May and continues until mid-November, with temperatures sometimes reaching 90 °F (32 °C) in May and dropping to 50 °F (10 °C) in December, the coolest month. Four geographic regions may be discerned: The climate is generally hot, with high humidity in the tropical coastal lowlands becoming modified by elevation toward the interior. Bilateral Agreements Text of the Canada-Honduras Free Trade Agreement Agreement on Labour Cooperation Between Canada and the For more information on these negotiations, please see additional background information. Since then, Honduras has been through many years of political instability, corruption and poverty, and it In 2011-2012, there were 86 homicides per 100,000 people. HONDURAS 2. Under Spain, as in most Central American countries, Honduran education was an enterprise of the Roman Catholic Church. Search the world's information, including webpages, images, videos and more. Honduras, with four other Central American nations, declared its independence from Spain in 1821 to form a federation of Central American states. [â¦] Honduras Power Point 1. The capital is Tegucigalpa (with Comayagüela), butâunlike most other Central American countriesâanother city, San Pedro Sula, is equally important industrially and commercially, although it has only half the population of the capital. It is unfortunate that one-fifth of the population controls more than half of the combined income of all of the families in Honduras. The northern coastal and alluvial plains and coastal sierras make up about one-eighth of the land area and contain about one-fourth of the population. After two and a half decades of mostly military rule, a freely elected civilian government came to power in 1982. Guatemala is the most populous country, having a population of approximately 14.9 million2, while El Salvador and Honduras have populations of roughly 6.1 million and 8.7 million, respectively3, 4. Background: This entry usually highlights major historic events and current issues and may include a statement about one or two key future trends. Honduras: Constitutions / Constituciones - Constitución de la República de Honduras (external link) (Georgetown University Political Database of the Americas) International Constitutional Law: Honduras Index (external link) (Universität Bern Institut für Öffentliches Recht) background information only More than three-fourths of the 29,236-square mile country is mountainous. Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. Honduras has a population of just over 8 million and an economy primarily driven by exportsâpropped up in no small way by remittances. GEOGRAPHICAL BACKGROUND Honduras is the second-largest Central American republic with a total area of 112,890 square kilometers. (For regional treatment, see pre-Columbian civilizations: Mesoamerican civilization; Latin America, history of; and Central America.) The Caribbean Sea washes its northern coast, the Pacific Ocean its narrow coast to the south. Background: Once part of Spain's vast empire in the New World, Honduras became an independent nation in 1821. Ninety percent of Hondurans are mestizo (a mixture of Spanish and Indian), 6 percent are Indian, and more than 2 percent are of African descent. The name "Honduras" is Spanish for "great depths", in reference to Christopher Columbus' remark on the depth of the ocean off the Honduran coast. Google has many special features to help you find exactly what you're looking for. Professor of History, Colorado State University, Fort Collins. Interior sheltered mountain basins and valleys receive 40 to 70 inches (1,000 to 1,800 mm) annually. Honduras has a long history of military rule, corruption, poverty and crime which have rendered it one of the least developed and most unstable countries in ⦠In 1821 Honduras won independence from Spain and joined the Central American Federation, to which it belonged until it became a separate, independent country in 1841. Lowlands below 1,500 feet (460 metres) have mean annual temperatures between 79 and 82 °F (26 and 28 °C). Author of. Pacific plains and mountain slopes get 60 to 80 inches (1,500 to 2,000 mm) of rain annually but from December to April receive little or no rain. Its area includes the offshore Caribbean department of the Bay Islands. The southwestern mountains, the Volcanic Highlands, consist of alternating layers of rock composed of dark, volcanic detritus and lava flows, both of middle to early Cenozoic age (i.e., about 2.6 to 65 million years old). The Spaniards soon moved into the cooler highlands and were constantly battling with native tribes, including Chief Lemira's army of 30,000, who almost drove the Spanish out of the region ⦠The so-called Football War, or 100-Hour War, was fought between Honduras and El Salvador July 14-18, 1969 as a result of an intense soccer rivalry, though its root cause involved land and immigration. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). More information about Honduras is available on the Honduras Page and from other Department of State publications and other sources listed at the end of this fact sheet. These autonomous groups maintained commercial relationships with each other and with other populations as ⦠Honduras is bordered by Guatemala, Nicaragua, and El Salvador. A small farm nestled in the rugged highlands of central Honduras. Christmas in Honduras is an Important Family Holiday Honduras, just as Latin America, has a strong Catholic influence. The western-central part of Honduras was inhabited by the Lencas, the central north coast by the Tol, the area east and west of Trujillo by the Pech (or Paya), the Maya and Sumo. Honduras has one of the highest homicide rates in the world. More than three-fourths of the land area of Honduras is mountainous, lowlands being found only along the coasts and in the several river valleys that penetrate toward the interior. In the last couple of years, the El Pozo and La Tolva maximum-security prisons were built. In 1838, Honduras left the federation and became independent. (Adds background and details) TEGUCIGALPA, Nov 23 (Reuters) - The Honduran central bank said on Monday that devastation caused by Hurricane Eta ⦠In the northern and eastern coastal and alluvial plains and on adjacent mountains, mean annual precipitation ranges from 70 to 110 inches (1,800 to 2,800 mm) or more, with a less rainy season from March to June; these areas occasionally have summer hurricanes that are accompanied by heavy rains. In 1997, its population was over 6 million. Get exclusive access to content from our 1768 First Edition with your subscription. They intermarried with local populations of Arawaks and Carib Indians (Caribs), immigrants from South America, to become known as Garifunas or Black Caribs. It has coasts on both the Atlantic and Pacific oceans. Terms of Use, Honduras - Constitutional Legal Foundations, Education Encyclopedia - StateUniversity.com, Honduras - History Background, Constitutional Legal Foundations, Educational System—overview, Preprimary Primary Education, Secondary Education. The country, which already had one of the lowest per capita incomes in Central America, was decimated in 1998 by Hurricane Mitch, probably its biggest natural disaster ever. Mountain basins and valleys, from 2,000 to 4,000 feet (600 to 1,200 metres), have mean annual temperatures of 66 and 73 °F (19 and 23 °C). If you live in Honduras: You must apply for a Constancia de Antecedentes Policiales in person or through a representative with a power of attorney at the Dirección General de Investigación Criminal (DGIC) in Comayaguela (see Special notes and considerations for complete address). Most Hondurans live below the poverty level, and many migrate to the United States and to other Central American nations in search of better living standards. But advances were minimal from government to government. To the west of Honduras is Guatemala. Corrections? Five major cities include Tegucigalpa (the capital), San Pedro Sula, La Ceiba, Puerto Lempira, and Santa Rosa de Copán. The history of Honduras is long and complex. Honduras, the secondlargest country in Central America, is mountainous and - geologically diverse. To its southwest there lies the country of . Education Encyclopedia - StateUniversity.comGlobal Education ReferenceHonduras - History Background, Constitutional Legal Foundations, Educational System—overview, Preprimary Primary Education, Secondary Education, Copyright © 2020 Web Solutions LLC. The eastern Caribbean lowlands (including the northern part of the Mosquito [Miskito] Coast, called La Mosquitia) and mountain slopes embrace about one-fifth of the total land area of Honduras. It has coasts on both the Atlantic and Pacific oceans. For many years, most Hondurans attended universities in nearby Central American countries. The mountains are rugged, rising in the west to 9,347 feet (2,849 metres) at Mount Las Minas, the highest point in the country. U.S.-HONDURAS RELATIONS Honduras is an ally of the United States, and its population has historically registered some of the highest favorability ratings in the hemisphere toward the United States. The bulk of the population of Honduras lives a generally isolated existence in the mountainous interior, a fact that may help to explain the rather insular policy of the country in relation to Latin and Central American affairs. Spanish rule was always centered around the silver mining areas, in the center of Honduras, away from the Caribbean coast. Honduras has increased the budget for protection from gangs. In some Central American countries, such as Guatemala and El Salvador, the armed forces emerged during the late nineteenth century as an appendage of powerful new coffee oligarchies. Additional background information At the Canada-Central America Summit in Guatemala on September 28, 2000, Canada agreed to a request by the leaders of the CA4 countries (Honduras, Guatemala, El Salvador and Nicaragua) to pursue free trade negotiations. That amounted to 7,172 murders a year in a ⦠Honduras, like its neighbours in the region, is a developing nation whose citizens are presented with innumerable economic and social challenges, a situation that is complicated by rough topography and the occasional violence of tropical weather patterns, including the devastation wreaked by Hurricane Mitch in 1998. Formally, education was recognized as a national enterprise in 1880, when a new constitution was approved; in 1881 an Act of Education was promulgated. The country served as a base for U.S. operations designed to counter More than three-fourths of the 29,236-square mile country is mountainous. HISTORY Columbus first set foot on the American mainland in Trujillo in 1502 Named the region Honduras (meaning great depth) for the deep water off the coast. The Northern Triangle has a population of roughly 29.8 million. Political unrest rocked Honduras in the early 1900s, resulting in ⦠Our editors will review what youâve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. The biggest enemy of both public and private education in Honduras is extreme poverty. That's why Infoplease has plucked out essential details to get you started.
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