In addition, by increasing the physical and environmental “footprints” of metropolitan areas, the phenomenon leads to the destruction of wildlife habitat and to the fragmentation of remaining natural areas. City-regional environmental problems such as ambient air pollution, inadequate waste management and pollution of rivers, lakes and coastal areas. Different urban typology has a different impact on water consumption. As poor farmers sought secure employment, they flocked to the cities. A sedentary lifestyle increases the risk of overall mortality, cardiovascular disease, and some types of cancer. Increased transport related energy consumption is in turn leading to an increase in the emission of CO2 to the atmosphere. Proposed causes include long commute times, observed in sprawling metropolitan areas. Industrial waste. Thus we become more sedentary. Urban land fragmentation, with the disruption of migration corridors for wildlife species, isolates these populations and can reduce natural habitats to such an extent that the minimum area required for the viability of species populations is no longer maintained. Urban Sprawl Over the Agricultural Land. The increase in urban sprawl made it much easier for white families to flee to the suburbs, and institutional problems such as redlining made it even harder for black families to take advantage of suburbs. However, the suburban experience for other groups, including the young and old, who lack mobility and resources can be very different and can reduce social interaction. The considerable impact of urban sprawl on natural and protected areas is exacerbated by the increased proximity and accessibility of urban activities to natural areas, imposing stress on ecosystems and species through noise and air pollution. An often cited example of urban sprawl is Atlanta, GA (US), which has a similar population as Barcelona but occupies an urban area that is 26 times as large. As of 2011, according to an article in the Chicago Tribune, Chicago commuting times are some of the worst – with Chicagoans spending 70 hours per year more on the road than they would if there was no congestion – up from 18 hours in 1982. According to the U.S. census, between 2000 and 2010 Georgia's population increased 18.3 percent, nearly twice the national average of 9.7 percent. For each of the problem stated above, provide a realistic solution to mitigate the effects of such problem. “Inefficient distribution of land and failure to reduce space between and around developments leads to fragmentation of the habitats that are left after the development,” according to Ball State University. From a social perspective urban sprawl generates greater segregation of residential development according to income. Water-logging and drainage: The migration of large number of poor and rural people without any civic sense, disposal of a large amount of solid waste, unplanned settlements etc. Environmental devastation, including the loss of tree cover and wildlife habitats as well as polluted drinking water, is commonly attributed to urban sprawl. The Texas coastal climate is changing, the sea level is rising and there are more heavy downpours, says Brody, but the key factor in the flooding is development in unsuitable areas. By continuing you agree to the use of cookies. pollution problems and (b) coastal water problems. If communities are not walkable or bikeable, we need to drive to schools, shops, parks, entertainment, play dates, etc. In this sense, the study area chosen is relevant because the increase of urban sprawl in the Mediterranean Spanish coast. ScienceDirect ® is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. ScienceDirect ® is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. Urban sprawl and its effects on water demand: A case study of Alicante, Spain. Water shortage. Therefore, the objective of this article is to highlight the urban sprawl process in the coastal municipalities of Alicante province between 1956 and 2013, the causes that explain this process and the impact on water demand. Copyright © 2020 Elsevier B.V. or its licensors or contributors. Extra-urban impacts of urban activities such as ecological disruption and resource depletion in a city’s hinterland, and emissions of … Looking southeast taken from a glider on July 1, 2007. Urban sprawl wreaks havoc on the natural land, ecosystem and community. An aerial photo of Bellefonte, Pennsylvania, USA. Essentially, the sprawling city is dominated by relatively energy inefficient car use, as the car is frequently the only practical alternative to more energy efficient, but typically inadequate, relatively and increasingly expensive public transportation systems. However, social capital has been diminishing over time. Lack of planning is also a cause. Industries located near rivers and lakes are a huge problem for water quality. Urban sprawl is a haphazard, unplanned outward expansion of the urban area. The methodology used studies the urbanised land area by means of photogrammetric restitution of land uses in 1956, 1978 and 2013 and the development of cartography according to the dominant types of urban development. Compact Cities. In addition, rainwater which falls on sealed areas is heavily polluted by tire abrasion, dust and high concentrations of heavy metals, which when washed into rivers degrade the hydrological system. This residential growth has mostly affected municipalities that first saw the arrival of tourism in the 1960s and 1970s but also affects new territories, primarily those slightly set back from the coastline. These drivers also use 52 more gallons per year per commuter. 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